Android Tech And Perf

为 Nexus5 编译 AndroidL 固件

Word count: 1.5kReading time: 7 min
2015/02/04

接前一篇文章使用Android Studio查看Android Lollipop源码, 我们知道,仅仅看代码,提高是比较有限的,而且理解起来也比较肤浅,往往过目就忘. 而自己写过的代码,往往会印象比较深刻,在写的时候也会比较容易理解流程. 所以我们在看代码的同时, 如果能修改代码, 在手机上跑起来并看到修改的效果,这无疑会加快看代码的效率和积极性. 所以这篇文章,就讲解一下如何自己编译AndroidL的源码,并且在Nexus5上跑起来. 至于为何需要自己编译固件,而不是直接安装Google给出的工厂固件?原因是Google给出的工厂固件是User版本,是没法随心所欲Push东西进去的. 所以我们需要编译自己的Userdebug版本.

本文假设你已经下载了AndroidL的源码,并且有一台Nexus5手机(手机系统开发人员必备), 如果你还没有AndroidL的源码,或者你有源码但是没有配置编译的环境,那么 Initializing a Build EnvironmentDownloading the Source这两篇文章你应该先去看一下(我又一次假设你会翻墙,如果你不会翻墙,那么下代码也是一个痛苦的事情). 这后面的教程Google官网也有教程.所以我只针对Nexus5进行讲解.

另外你需要知道AOSP,AOSP即Android Open Source Project 汉语意思是:谷歌开放源代码项目.我们通过Google官方下载的源代码,就是AOSP的代码, 其中是不包含Google开发的那些个应用的,各个厂商拿到的也是这个版本,在这个版本的基础上进行修改. 而Google发布的工厂固件则是包含全套Google服务的. 厂商如果想安装Google服务,就需要过Google的那一套认证,比较麻烦,而且价格不菲,鉴于Google在国内的尴尬地位,国内很多厂商都没有过这个认证.

1. 初始化编译环境

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. build/envsetup.sh

2. 加载机型

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lunch

3. 选择要编译的机器

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You're building on Linux

Lunch menu... pick a combo:
1. aosp_arm-eng
2. aosp_arm64-eng
3. aosp_mips-eng
4. aosp_mips64-eng
5. aosp_x86-eng
6. aosp_x86_64-eng
7. aosp_shamu-userdebug
8. aosp_manta-userdebug
9. full_fugu-userdebug
10. aosp_fugu-userdebug
11. aosp_grouper-userdebug
12. aosp_tilapia-userdebug
13. aosp_deb-userdebug
14. aosp_flo-userdebug
15. aosp_mako-userdebug
16. aosp_hammerhead-userdebug
17. aosp_flounder-userdebug
18. mini_emulator_x86_64-userdebug
19. mini_emulator_arm-userdebug
20. mini_emulator_x86-userdebug
21. mini_emulator_mips-userdebug
22. mini_emulator_arm64-userdebug

3.1 机型对照表

DEVICE CODE NAME BUILD CONFIGURATION
Nexus 6 shamu aosp_shamu-userdebug
Nexus Player fugu aosp_fugu-userdebug
Nexus 9 volantis (flounder) aosp_flounder-userdebug
Nexus 5 (GSM/LTE) hammerhead aosp_hammerhead-userdebug
Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) razor (flo) aosp_flo-userdebug
Nexus 7 (Mobile) razorg (deb) aosp_deb-userdebug
Nexus 10 mantaray (manta) full_manta-userdebug
Nexus 4 occam (mako) full_mako-userdebug
Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) nakasi (grouper) full_grouper-userdebug
Nexus 7 (Mobile) nakasig (tilapia) full_tilapia-userdebug
Galaxy Nexus (GSM/HSPA+) yakju (maguro) full_maguro-userdebug
Galaxy Nexus (Verizon) mysid (toro) aosp_toro-userdebug
Galaxy Nexus (Experimental) mysidspr (toroplus) aosp_toroplus-userdebug
PandaBoard (Archived) panda aosp_panda-userdebug
Motorola Xoom (U.S. Wi-Fi) wingray full_wingray-userdebug
Nexus S soju (crespo) full_crespo-userdebug
Nexus S 4G sojus (crespo4g) full_crespo4g-userdebug3.2

3.2 三个版本说明版本

BUILDTYPE USE
user limited access; suited for production
userdebug like “user” but with root access and debuggability; preferred for debugging
eng development configuration with additional debugging tools

选择aosp_hammerhead-userdebug之后,会有下面的确认信息:

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============================================
PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
PLATFORM_VERSION=5.0.50.50.50.50
TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_hammerhead
TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=userdebug
TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
TARGET_ARCH=arm
TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a-neon
TARGET_CPU_VARIANT=krait
TARGET_2ND_ARCH=
TARGET_2ND_ARCH_VARIANT=
TARGET_2ND_CPU_VARIANT=
HOST_ARCH=x86_64
HOST_OS=linux
HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-37-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.10-utopic
HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
BUILD_ID=AOSP
OUT_DIR=out
============================================

4. 生成驱动目录

接下来需要在Android官网下载 Nexus5所需要的驱动:

HARDWARE COMPONENT COMPANY DOWNLOAD MD5 CHECKSUM SHA-1 CHECKSUM
NFC, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Broadcom Link 2c398994e37093df51b105d63f0eb611 991346159c95ae75f760014a6822b8b3e8667700
Camera, Sensors, Audio LG Link 74cf8235e6bb04da28b2ff738b13eee9 175dd5bae81bb54030d072cb0f0b4ec81eb3f71f
Graphics, GSM, Camera, GPS, Sensors, Media, DSP, USB Qualcomm Link 0a43395e175d3de3dc312d8abdcb4f20 007cf9d49f0409d5c703e7f2811fd153fee22353

下载完成后,解压出来是三个.sh文件,放到Android源码目录下面,然后执行.会将相关驱动放到vender目录下面.

5. 执行编译命令

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make -j8

如果没有出错的话,在经过漫长的时间之后,编译成功:

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Installed file list: out/target/product/hammerhead/installed-files.txt
Target system fs image: out/target/product/hammerhead/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img
Running: mkuserimg.sh -s out/target/product/hammerhead/system out/target/product/hammerhead/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img ext4 system 1073741824 -L system out/target/product/hammerhead/root/file_contexts
make_ext4fs -s -T -1 -S out/target/product/hammerhead/root/file_contexts -L system -l 1073741824 -a system out/target/product/hammerhead/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img out/target/product/hammerhead/system
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 1073741824
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8192
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 4096
Label: system
Blocks: 262144
Block groups: 8
Reserved block group size: 63
Created filesystem with 1445/65536 inodes and 85879/262144 blocks
Install system fs image: out/target/product/hammerhead/system.img
out/target/product/hammerhead/system.img+out/target/product/hammerhead/obj/PACKAGING/recovery_patch_intermediates/recovery_from_boot.p maxsize=1096212480 blocksize=135168 total=336629666 reserve=11083776

6. 刷机命令

Nexus5关机状态下,长按音量下+电源,即可进入recovery模式, 然后在源码根目录下执行下面命令:

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fastboot -w flashall

刷机成功后会自动重启

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~/Android-SourceCode fastboot -w flashall
target reported max download size of 1073741824 bytes
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 13725835264
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8144
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 32768
Label:
Blocks: 3351034
Block groups: 103
Reserved block group size: 823
Created filesystem with 11/838832 inodes and 93654/3351034 blocks
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 734003200
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 7472
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 2800
Label:
Blocks: 179200
Block groups: 6
Reserved block group size: 47
Created filesystem with 11/44832 inodes and 5813/179200 blocks
--------------------------------------------
Bootloader Version...: HHZ12d
Baseband Version.....: M8974A-2.0.50.2.22
Serial Number........: 08ade1a513dc087b
--------------------------------------------
checking product...
OKAY [ 0.100s]
sending 'boot' (8950 KB)...
OKAY [ 0.500s]
writing 'boot'...
OKAY [ 0.784s]
sending 'recovery' (9672 KB)...
OKAY [ 0.556s]
writing 'recovery'...
OKAY [ 0.814s]
erasing 'system'...
OKAY [ 1.166s]
sending 'system' (328187 KB)...
OKAY [ 10.501s]
writing 'system'...
OKAY [ 23.623s]
erasing 'userdata'...
OKAY [ 14.657s]
sending 'userdata' (137318 KB)...
OKAY [ 4.520s]
writing 'userdata'...
OKAY [ 9.776s]
erasing 'cache'...
OKAY [ 0.618s]
sending 'cache' (13348 KB)...
OKAY [ 0.630s]
writing 'cache'...
OKAY [ 1.070s]
rebooting...

finished. total time: 70.095s

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CATALOG
  1. 1. 1. 初始化编译环境
  2. 2. 2. 加载机型
  3. 3. 3. 选择要编译的机器
    1. 3.1. 3.1 机型对照表
    2. 3.2. 3.2 三个版本说明版本
  4. 4. 4. 生成驱动目录
  5. 5. 5. 执行编译命令
  6. 6. 6. 刷机命令
  7. 7. 7.秀桌面
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